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Category: SARI Surveillance

Published: 04 January 2018

Last Updated: 11 January 2021

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Severe Acute Respiratory Illness Surveillance, Cambodia

Severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) surveillance has been established in August 2009 as a hospital-based, laboratory-based surveillance. Eight hospitals are participating in the system in 2014. Once patients are identified as SARI case base on case definition, demographic and clinical data, and samples are collected and transported to NIPH laboratory for influenza virus, non-influenza virus (cases < 5 years old), bacteria culture, and Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear testing.

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>>> January to December 2016 (Download)

In 2016, there were 2,648 cases (male: 54%, Female: 46%) with average of 50 cases reported weekly and mostly resided in Takeo, Svay Reing, Siem Reap, Phom Penh and Kampong Cham. Patients over 50 years of age comprised the largest proportion of SARI cases (37.27%), followed by patients under 5 years of age (36.10%). Influenza was positive for 10.59% of cases tested. Influenza A H1N1pdm was most common among all age group (39.64% of total positive) and Flu B (victoria) accounted for the 2nd highest proportion of 32.50%. For cases under 5 years of age tested for other respiratory viruses, 100 cases were positive for RSV. Of bacterial pathogens identified from submitted clinical samples, the most common bacteria were P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia, E. coli, B. pseudomallei, S. aureus, Acinetobacter sp, Klepsiella sp and S. pneumoniae. Acid fast bacilli (AFB) was identified for 101 of 1,186 cases tested (8.52%). The highest positive rate was in KVH (15.69%). Among the 25 deaths, there were 2 cases tested positive for H1N1pdm, 3 cases presented B. pseudomallei, 2 cases were positive P. aeruginosa. In 2016, SARI influenza starts its circulating in June and peak occurring in September. This influenza circulation is consistent with other influenza surveillance in Cambodia.

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>>> January to December 2015 (Download)

In 2015, there were 2352 cases (male: 54%) with average of 45 cases reported weekly and mostly resided in Takeo, Kandal, Siem Reap, and Phnom Penh. Patients 0‐4 years of age comprised the largest proportion of SARI cases (37.16%), followed by patients 50 years of age and older (36.70%).. Influenza was positive for 7% of cases tested. Influenza A (H3N2) was most common among all age group (74% of total positive). For cases under 5 years of age tested for other respiratory viruses, 106 cases were positive for RSV. Of bacterial pathogens, the most common bacteria was P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia, and E.coli. AFB was positive for103 (9.52%) of all tested cases. Among the 27 deaths, 1 death was associated with influenza virus. In 2015, SARI influenza starts its circulating in June and peak occurring in September. This influenza circulation is consistent with other influenza surveillance in Cambodia.